EU Internal Market Law
with an Introduction to European Union Law
04.04.2014
Semester 2, 2013/14; Tuesday and Thursday, 20.02., 25.02., 27.02., 04.03., 06.03., 11.03., 13.03., 18.03., 01.04. and 03.04.2014, 14:00 - 18:00, room B.301 (building B)
EU Internal Market Law
with an Introduction to European Union Law |
04.04.2014 |
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Semester 2, 2013/14; Tuesday and Thursday, 20.02., 25.02., 27.02., 04.03., 06.03., 11.03., 13.03., 18.03., 01.04. and 03.04.2014, 14:00 - 18:00, room B.301 (building B) |
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Final note
In April 2014, after the end of the lectures, this website has been finished. It will stay available for the purpose of deepening and repetition. Thank you for your interest and commitment. With best wishes for your future studies, yours Prof. Dr. Thomas Schmitz
The European internal market is the most advanced element in the European geo-regional supranational integration. It has been successful for a long time and can serve as a model for economic integration in other parts of the world. The law of the European internal market is part of European Union law, since the European Union represents not only the institutional framework but as well the location for the substantive law of the European integration. The course provides a short introduction into European Union law and then deals with EU internal market law, in particular with the economic fundamental freedoms of the citizens of the Union (free movement of goods, freedom of movement for workers, freedom of establishment, freedom to provide services, freedom of the movement of capital and of payments). These economic freedoms have a great impact on the daily life in the European Union but are also important for non-European companies that are active in the European market, in particular through own subsidiaries. Many concepts and ideas developed in this field may inspire the development of international business law in other parts of the world. The course will present the general theory and the specific features of the fundamental freedoms. It will also deal with the approximation of laws in the internal market and the competition law of the European Union, two elements that have proved to be essential for the realization and safeguard of the internal market.
The course is not limited to a theoretical presentation but also introduces briefly to the techniques of case-solving in the field of European internal market law. The participants will study how to approach a concrete case, work out the exact question of the case and structure and formulate the case solution. Two case studies will deal with the economic fundamental freedoms.
Conditions: The course will be held in English. It is open to students of the 3rd and 4th grade, postgraduate students and students of Foreign Trade University. Participants who attend at least 14 of the 20 lectures will receive a certificate of participation.
Downloads (PDF files)
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Diagram 1 (Forms of international cooperation, supranational cooperation and integration) |
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Diagram 2 (The rights of the citizen of the European Union) |
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Diagram 3 (The Law of the European Union) |
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Diagram 4 (The most important decisions of the European Court of Justice) (short version; see also extensive version) |
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Diagram 5 (The fundamental freedoms - an overview) |
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Diagram 6 (Violation of a fundamental freedom) |
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Diagram 7 (The free movement of goods) |
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Diagram 8 (The freedom of movement for workers) |
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Diagram 9 (The freedom of establishment) |
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Diagram 10 (The freedom to provide services) |
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Diagram 11 (The free movement of capital) |
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Diagram 12 (The free movement of payments) |
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Case 1 (concerning the free movement of goods) (with special notes introducing to the techniques of legal case-solving) |
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Case 2 (concerning the freedom to provide services) |
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Transparency films presented in
the lectures (®
just aids for illustration) |
Contents (summary/details)
Part I: Introduction
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§ 1 Basics of the European Union |
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§ 2 The law of the European Union (overview) |
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§ 3 The European Union as a unified economic area (overview) |
Part II: The Economic Fundamental Freedoms
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§ 4 General theory |
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§ 5 The free movement of goods (art. 28 et seq., 110 et seq. FEU Treaty) |
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§ 6 The freedom of movement for workers (art. 45 et seq. FEU Treaty) |
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§ 7 The freedom of establishment (art. 49 et seq. FEU Treaty) |
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§ 8 The freedom to provide services (art. 56 et seq. FEU Treaty) |
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§ 9 The free movement of capital and payments (art. 63 et seq. FEU Treaty) |
Part III: The Realization and Safeguard of the Internal Market
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§ 10 The approximation of laws in the internal market (overview) |
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§ 11 The competition law of the European Union |
Part IV: Introduction to Practical Case-solving in EU Internal Market Law
Bibliography (selection/comprehensive bibliography 2012)
[A. Textbooks] [B. Commentaries] [C. Works of reference, handbooks] [D. Exercises in legal case-solving, learning materials] [E. Law reports, casebooks] [F. Compendiums of laws] [G. Journals]
Preliminary remarks
The Treaty of Lisbon, an important reform treaty that entered into force in 2009, brought extensive and far-reaching changes to European Union law. Therefore, many textbooks, commentaries, handbooks and other publications, which can be found in the libraries, are not up to date anymore. It is recommended to use only new publications or editions, which have been published since 2010.
European Union law is a multilingual legal system. The most important language is French, since the legal terminology and many basic concepts are based on the French legal tradition. The largest number of publications can be found in French, German and English. However, there are numerous publications on European Union law in all official languages of the European Union. Be aware of the danger to develop a biased understanding of European Union law if you only consult resources in English!
I. Textbooks on European law in general
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Borchardt, Klaus Dieter: The ABC of the European Union, 2010, [free download in 21 European languages] |
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Chalmers, Damian; Davies, Gareth; Monti, Giorgio: European Union Law. Text and Materials, 2nd edition 2010 [also available: Kindle edition 2011] |
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Calonge Velázquez, Antonio: Derecho básico de la Unión Europea, 2011 |
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Coutron, Laurent: Droit de l'Union européenne, 2011 |
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Craig, Paul; Búrca, Gráinne de: EU Law. Text, Cases and Materials, 5th edition 2011 |
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Dashwood, Alan; Dougan, Michael; Rodger, Barry; Spaventa, Eleanor; Wyatt, Derrick: Wyatt & Dashwood's European Union Law, 6th edition 2011 |
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Davies, Karen: Understanding European Union Law, 5th edition 2012 |
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Fairhurst, John: Law of the European Union, 9th edition 2012 |
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Favret, Jean Marc: L'essentiel de l'Union européenne, 13th edition 2013 |
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Folsom, Ralph H.: European Union Law in a Nutshell, 7th edition 2011 |
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Frenz, Walter: Europarecht, 2011 |
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Gautron, Jean-Claude: Droit européen, 14th edition 2012 |
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Haratsch, Andreas; Koenig, Christian; Pechstein, Matthias: Europarecht, 8th edition 2012 |
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Hartley, Trevor: The Foundations of European Union Law, 7th edition 2010 |
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Hobe, Stephan: Europarecht, 7th edition 2012 |
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Lenaerts, Koen; Nuffel, Piet van: European Union Law, 3rd edition 2011 |
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Oppermann, Thomas; Classen, Claus Dieter; Nettesheim, Martin: Europarecht, 5th edition 2011 |
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Steiner, Josephine; Woods, Lorna; Watson, Philippa: EU Law, 11th edition 2012 |
II. Textbooks specialized on European internal market law
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Barnard, Catherine: The Substantive Law of the EU: The Four Freedoms, 4th edition 2013 |
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Boutayeb, Chahira: Droit matériel de l'union européenne, 2nd edition 2012 |
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Dubois, Louis; Blumann, Claude: Droit matériel de l'Union européenne, 6th edition 2012 |
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Ehlers, Dirk (editor): European Fundamental Rights and Freedoms, 2007 [see also updated German version Europäische Grundrechte und Grundfreiheiten, 3rd edition 2009; both versions available as e-book edition 2011] |
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Ezrachi, Ariel: EU Competition Law. An Analytical Guide to the Leading Cases, 3rd edition 2012 |
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Fabio, Massimo: Customs Law of the European Union, 4th edition 2012 |
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Gormley, Laurence: EU Law of Free Movement of Goods and Customs Union, 2009 |
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Jones, Alison; Sufrin, Brenda: EU Competition Law. Text, Cases, and Materials, 5th edition 2014 |
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Molinier, Joël; Grove-Valdeyron, Nathalie de: Droit du marché intérieur européen, 3rd edition 2011 |
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Oliver, Peter (editor): Oliver on Free Movement of Goods in the European Union, 5th edition 2010 |
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Reich, Norbert; Nordhausen Scholes, Annette; Scholes, Jerem: Understanding Eu Internal Market Law: 3rd edition 2013 |
B. Commentaries (article-by-article presentation)
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Calliess, Christian; Ruffert, Matthias (editors): EUV/AEUV. Das Verfassungsrecht der Europäischen Union mit Europäischer Grundrechtecharta, 4th edition 2011[ note, however, that these Treaties do not represent a Constitution of the European Union |
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Geiger, Rudolf; Khan, Daniel-Erasmus; Kotzur, Markus: European Union Treaties. Treaty of the European Union, Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, 2013 |
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Schwarze, Jürgen (editor): EU-Kommentar, 3rd edition 2012 |
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Smit, Hans; Herzog, Peter; Campbell, Christian; Zagel, Gudrun (editors): The Law of the European Union (loose-leaf edition), volume 1 and 2, 2005 ff. |
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Streinz, Rudolf (editor): EUV/AEUV. Vertrag über die Europäische Union und Vertrag über die Arbeitsweise der Europäischen Union, 2nd edition 2012 |
C. Works of reference, encyclopaedias and handbooks (for legal practitioners and scientific research)
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European Commission [Eiropas Komisija] (editor): Glossary (explanation of numerous legal and political terms) |
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Schmitz, Thomas (editor): Eiropas tiesību pamattermini / Grundwortschatz Europarecht / Basic Vocabulary of European Union Law, 2nd edition 2010 (legal dictionary German, English, Latvian) |
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Bergmann, Jan (editor): Handlexikon der Europäischen Union, 4th edition 2011 |
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Degryse, Christophe: Dictionnaire de l'Union européenne, 4th edition 2011 |
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Frenz, Walter: Handbuch Europarecht, volume 1: Europäische Grundfreiheiten, 2nd edition 2012; volume 2: Europäisches Kartellrecht, 2005; volume 3: Beihilfe- und Vergaberecht, 2006 |
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Jones, Christopher; Woude, Marc van der: EU Competition Law Handbook 2013, 2012 |
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Phinnemore, David; McGowan, Lee: A Dictionary of the European Union, 6th edition 2013 |
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Toth, A.G.: The Oxford Encyclopaedia of European Community Law, volume II: The Law of the Internal Market, 2005; volume III: Competition Law and Policy, 2008 |
D. Exercises in legal case-solving and learning materials (especially for students)
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Arndt, Hans-Wolfgang; Fischer, Kristian: Europarecht. 20 Fälle mit Lösungen, 7th edition 2010 |
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Cuthbert, Michael: European Union Law Q&A [Questions & Answers], 9th edition 2012 |
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Dollat, Patrick: 100 questions sur l'Union européenne, 3rd edition 2010 |
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Foster, Nigel: EU Law 2013 and 2014 [Questions & Answers], 2013 |
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Knauff, Matthias (editor): Fälle zum Europarecht. Unter Berücksichtigung der Bezüge zum deutschen und internationalen Recht, 2011 |
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Routledge (editor): European Union Lawcards 2011-2012, 8th edition 2011 |
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Salinas Alcega, Sergio; Tirado Robles, Carmen: Casos prácticos de derecho de la Unión Europea, 2005 |
See also the cases and the materials from my course at the University of Latvia, Practical Case-solving in European Law, 2010.
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Court of Justice of the European Communities/Union (editor): Reports of Cases before the Court of Justice and the Court of First Instance, Part I: Court of Justice, Part II: Court of First Instance (official reports of the jurisprudence of the Court of Justice and of the General Court [formerly the Court of First Instance]), 1954 ff. |
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Court of Justice of the European Communities/Union (editor): Case-law (database of the jurisprudence of the Court of Justice, the General Court [formerly the Court of First Instance] and the Civil Service Tribunal and also of the opinions of the Advocates General in the different official languages; see in particular the subsite "Digest of the case-law", a comprehensive database of headnotes and summaries [in French only]. |
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Publications Office (editor): EUR-Lex. Case-law (database of the jurisprudence of the Court of Justice, the General Court [formerly the Court of First Instance] and the Civil Service Tribunal and also of the opinions of the Advocates General in in the different official languages) |
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Barents, Rene: Directory of EC Case Law on Competition, 2007 |
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Barents, Rene: Directory of EC Case Law on State Aids, 2008 |
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Barents, Rene: Directory of EU Case Law on the Preliminary Ruling Procedure, 2009 |
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Karpenschif, Michaël; Nourissat, Cyril (editors): Les grands arrêts de la jurisprudence de l'Union européenne. Les 100 grandes décisions de la Cour de justice de l'Union européenne, 2010 |
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Pechstein, Matthias: Entscheidungen des Europäischen Gerichtshofs. Studienauswahl, 7th edition 2012 |
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Turner, Chris: EU Law. Key Cases, 2nd edition 2011 |
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Weatherill, Stephen: Cases and Materials on EU Law, 10th edition 2012 |
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Publications Office: EUR-Lex. The access to European Union law (Online compendium in the different official languages of the EU. Here you can find almost all regulations and directives and the Official Journal of the EU. Look here for the founding treaties.) |
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European Commission: Summaries of EU legislation (specialised online compendium of legislation concerning the individual fields of activities; see in particular the websites "Internal Market" and "Competition") |
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Foster, Nigel (editor): EU Treaties and Legislation 2012-13, 23rd edition 2012 |
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Kenner, Jeff (editor): European Union Legislation 2012-2013, 5th edition 2012 |
G. Journals in the field of European law
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CDE: Cahiers de droit européen, since 1965 |
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CJEL: Columbia Journal of European Law, since 1994 |
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CMLRev: Common Market Law Review, since 1964 |
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EIoP: European Integration Online Papers, since 1997 (internet journal) |
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ELJ: European Law Journal, since 1995 |
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ELRev: European Law Review, since 1975 |
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EHRLR: European Human Rights Law Review, since 1979 |
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EuR: Europarecht, since 1965 |
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EuZW: Europäische Zeitschrift für Wirtschaftsrecht, since 1990 |
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FCE: Forum Constitutionis Europae, since 1998 (internet journal) |
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Integration: since 1978 |
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JMWP: Jean Monnet Working Papers, since 1995 (internet journal) |
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RDCM: Revista de Derecho Comunitario Europeo, since 1997 |
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REE: Revista de Estudios Europeos, since 1992 |
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RivDE: Rivista di diritto europeo, since 1961 |
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RMC: Revue du Marché commun et de l'Union européenne, since 1958 |
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RMUE: Revue du Marché Unique européen, since 1951 (since 2000: Revue du droit de l'Union européenne) |
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RTDE: Revue trimestrielle du droit européen, since 1965 |
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WHI-Papers: since 1997 (journal on basic issues of European integration) |
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ZEuS: Zeitschrift für europarechtliche Studien, since 1998 |
A. Links concerning the general subject of the course
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Homepage of the European Union: Main server "Europa" (in 24 languages) |
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Institutions of the European Union: European Council (heads of state and government of the member states), Council of the European Union (representatives of the member states at ministerial level), European Commission, European Parliament, European Court of Justice, European Central Bank, European Economic and Social Committee (advisory body), Committee of the Regions (advisory body), Agencies of the European Union |
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Compendiums of Laws: EUR-Lex (compresensive database; here you find all EU primary and secondary law); Founding Treaties (consolidated versions of the EU Treaty and FEU Treaty with protocols and declarations); Charter of Fundamental Rights; Summaries of legislation concerning the individual activities of the Union |
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Jurisprudence: internet law reports of the European Court of Justice; jurisprudence at EUR-Lex; see also my Compendium Jurisprudence on European integration (in English and German, with direkt links to the inidvidual judgements); see also the Compendium of André Poddubny and others, EC Internal Market Law - Relevant Cases of the European Court of Justice (a script elaborated by the participants of a former course for the preparation of the examinations) |
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Websites concerning the individual activities of the Union: Overview (Main Server), Overview (Commission), Single Market (Main Server), The EU Single Market (Commission), Customs (Main Server), Taxation and Customs Union (Commission), Competition (Main Server), Competition (Commission), Economic and Financial Affairs (Commission), Economic and Monetary Affairs (Main Server) |
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Legal terminology: See the Glossary (Main Server) |
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More detailed materials on EU Internal Market Law: See the websites for my more comprehensive courses EC Internal Market Law (Univ. of Latvia, Autumn Semester 2009) and Vertiefung Europarecht (Univ. of Cologne, Summer Semester 2012) |
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See for more links my general homepage (in German); see the "Links zum Öffentlichen Recht" / "A. Europarecht" |
B. Links concerning special subjects
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concerning § 1: Thomas Schmitz, A new Form of Organisation: the Supranational Union (summary of habilitation thesis, 2001, chapter 2); The history of the European Union (EU Main Server; with detailed data); EU institutions and other bodies (EU Main Server); Klaus-Dieter Borchardt, Fundamental values of the European Union; practical advice for EU citizens and companies (Commission) |
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concerning § 2: European Court of Justice (= ECJ), case 26/62, Van Gend & Loos (Community law as an independent legal order, see p. 23 ff.); ECJ, case 6/64, Costa/ENEL (primacy of Community law, see p. 1269 ff.); ECJ, case 11/70, Internationale Handelsgesellschaft (primacy of Community law over national constitutional law, see no. 3 f.); ECJ, case 148/78, Ratti (direct applicability of directives after expiration of implementation period, see no. 19 ff.); ECJ, case 79/83, Harz (interpretation of national law in the light of the directives); ECJ, joint cases C-6/90 and 9/90, Francovich (state liability for non-implementation of directives, see no. 31 ff.) |
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concerning § 2 IV: overview of the legal actions at the European Court of Justice |
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concerning § 3: information on the Customs Union (Main Server/Commission); legislation on the Customs Union: Common Customs Tariff (CCT) and Customs Codex/Modernised Customs Codex (CC) [Caution: may be boring!]; the Internal Market Scoreboard of the Commission (indicates the state of development of the Internal Market) |
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concerning § 4: ECJ, case 26/62, van Gend & Loos (direct applicability of fundamental freedoms); ECJ, case C-265/95, French blockades (duties of protection) |
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concerning § 5: European Commission (editor), Free movement of goods. Guide to the application of Treaty provisions governing free movement of goods, updated 2nd edition 2010 (comprehensive, well-structured compendium); ECJ, joined cases 2 and 3/69, Diamandarbeiders (large concept of charges having equivalent effect to customs in art. 30 FEU Treaty); ECJ, case 8/74, Dassonville (large concept of measures having equivalent effect to quantitative restrictions on imports in art. 34 FEU Treaty (formerly 28 EC Treaty): includes indistinctly applicable restrictions [understood in a very broad sense]); ECJ, case 120/78, Cassis de Dijon (regulations on necessary properties of products as measures having equivalent effect to quantitative restrictions on imports; inherent limits of the free movement of goods); ECJ, case 249/81, Buy Irish (support of advertising campaigns for domestic products as encroachment on the free movement of goods); ECJ, joined cases C-265, C-268/91, Keck (reduction of the Dassonville formula: only product-related, not sales-related rules as encroachements on the free movement of goods) |
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concerning § 6: secondary law on the free movement of workers (EUR-Lex), see in particular the Directive 2004/38/EC on the right to move and reside freely; ECJ, case 36/74, Walrave and Koch (third-party effect of the freedeom of movement for workers); ECJ, case C-415/93, Bosman (restrictions as encroachments on the free movement of workers; third-party effect of the freedom of movement for workers in the field of professional football) |
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concerning § 7 and 8: secondary law on the freedom of establishment and the freedom to provide services, see in particular the Posting Directive (directive 1996/71/EC, see in particular art. 3) and the Services Directive (directive 2006/123/EC; the most complicated legislation in the history of the European Union); ECJ, case C-55/94, Gebhard (restrictions as encroachments on the freedom of establishment); ECJ, case C-212/97, Centros (registering of a branch of a company which has been established in another member state only for the purpose to evade the application of national law); ECJ, case C-341/05, Laval; ECJ, case 33/74, van Binsbergen (restrictions as encroachments on the freedom to provide services) |
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concerning § 9: secondary law concerning the free movement of capital and payments (Scadplus/EUR-Lex), see in partiular the Capital Directive (directive 88/361) and the Payment Services Directive (directive 2007/64); information about the Single Euro Payments Area (SEPA) |
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concerning § 11: secondary law on competition, see in particular the Antitrust Enforcement Regulation (regulation 1/2003), Merger Control Regulation (regulation 139/2004) and State Aids Regulation (regulation 659/1999) |